Highlights Hierarchical polyimide (PI) nonwoven fabric is fabricated by alkali treatment, in-situ growth of magnetic Fisher particles, and "self-activated" electroless Ag plating process.Impedance matching structure by assembling Fe3O4/Ag-loaded PI nonwoven fabric (PFA) and pure Ag-coated PI nonwoven fabric (PA) induces more electromagnetic waves enter PFA/PA and be dissipated.The fluffy 3D Lofting Hook space structure of PFA with strong adhesion interaction and low infrared emissivity of PA endow PFA/PA with excellent thermal stability in electromagnetic interference shielding and high-temperature resistant infrared stealth performance.